For the quick and dirty setup of a frontend loadbalanced (VERY BASIC) configuration.
Snag Apache.
For Fedora fans thats:
yum install httpdyum install mod_sslsystemctl enable httpd.servicesystemctl start httpd.serviceRHEL/CentOS/OEL/etc...:
yum install httpdyum install mod_ssl
chkconfig httpd onservice httpd startA cheat sheet for systemd:
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/SysVinit_to_Systemd_Cheatsheet
For Debian fans thats:
apt-get install apache2
sudo update-rc.d apache2 defaults /etc/init.d/apache2 startSnag Tomcat.
http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi#7.0.56Its an auto generated link based on mirrors. copy that link and paste in a wget.
wget http://apache.tradebit.com/pub/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.56/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.56.tar.gz
You will want to make two copies of tomcat for this example I am naming the instances "tomcat-1" and "tomcat-2".
wget http://apache.tradebit.com/pub/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.56/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.56.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.56.tar.gz
mkdir tomcat1 tomcat2
cp -R apache-tomcat-7.0.56/* tomcat-1
cp -R apache-tomcat-7.0.56/* tomcat-2
This file will bring up http https and ajp ports in the 9000 range (9080,9443,9009):
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
-->
<Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<!-- Security listener. Documentation at /docs/config/listeners.html
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener" />
-->
<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
<!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html -->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
<!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs-->
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
<!-- Global JNDI resources
Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html
-->
<GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- Editable user database that can also be used by
UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users
-->
<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
</GlobalNamingResources>
<!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share
a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container",
so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level.
Documentation at /docs/config/service.html
-->
<Service name="Catalina">
<!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools-->
<!--
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/>
-->
<!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received
and responses are returned. Documentation at :
Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking)
Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html
APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html
Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 9080
-->
<Connector port="9080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="9443" />
<!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
<!--
<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool"
port="9080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="9443" />
-->
<!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 9443
This connector uses the BIO implementation that requires the JSSE
style configuration. When using the APR/native implementation, the
OpenSSL style configuration is required as described in the APR/native
documentation -->
<!--
<Connector port="9443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
maxThreads="150" SSLEnabled="true" scheme="https" secure="true"
clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
-->
<!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 9009 -->
<Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="9443" />
<!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes
every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone
analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them
on to the appropriate Host (virtual host).
Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html -->
<!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie :
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1">
-->
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
<!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at:
/docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to)
/docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) -->
<!--
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>
-->
<!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords
via a brute-force attack -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
<!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI
resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits
that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately
available for use by the Realm. -->
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
</Realm>
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
<!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html -->
<!--
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" />
-->
<!-- Access log processes all example.
Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html
Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" -->
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
Modify your security permissions to allow manager and example apps from default tomcat.
Replace your default tomcat-users with this one under conf/tomcat-users.xml (not production recommended):
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
(the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
-->
<tomcat-users>
<!--
NOTE: By default, no user is included in the "manager-gui" role required
to operate the "/manager/html" web application. If you wish to use this app,
you must define such a user - the username and password are arbitrary.
-->
<!--
NOTE: The sample user and role entries below are wrapped in a comment
and thus are ignored when reading this file. Do not forget to remove
<!.. ..> that surrounds them.
-->
<!--
<role rolename="tomcat"/>
<role rolename="role1"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/>
<user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>
<user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/>
-->
<user name="tomcat" password="password" roles="admin-gui,manager-gui" />
</tomcat-users>
This will allow you to login to the management web application as tomcat with the password of password
Create a file in you apache configuration (conf.d) directory.
Fedora: /etc/httpd/conf.d/proxy_ajp.conf
Debian: /etc/apache2/conf.d/proxy_ajp.conf
Add this to the file:
<Proxy balancer://cluster>BalancerMember ajp://localhost:8009 loadfactor=1BalancerMember ajp://localhost:9009 loadfactor=2ProxySet lbmethod=bytraffic</Proxy>ProxyPass /manager balancer://cluster/managerProxyPass /host-manager balancer://cluster/host-managerProxyPass /examples balancer://cluster/examplesProxyPass /docs balancer://cluster/docsStart apache and tomcat and test. You can test each instance, individually on http://your.servers.address:8080 and 9080. Once you have validated each instance test the webserver itself. should be something like http://your.servers.address/manager If you did it right you should see in your tomcat logs when a session hits an instance:
10.1.10.1 - tomcat [10/Nov/2014:20:52:33 -0500] "GET /manager/html/list HTTP/1.1" 200 15865
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:33 -0500] "GET /manager/images/asf-logo.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:33 -0500] "GET /manager/images/tomcat.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
10.1.10.1 - tomcat [10/Nov/2014:20:52:33 -0500] "GET /manager/html/list HTTP/1.1" 200 15865
==> /usr/local/tomcat7-1/logs/localhost_access_log.2014-11-10.txt <==
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:34 -0500] "GET /manager/images/asf-logo.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:34 -0500] "GET /manager/images/tomcat.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
==> /usr/local/tomcat7-2/logs/localhost_access_log.2014-11-10.txt <==
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:36 -0500] "GET /manager/images/asf-logo.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:36 -0500] "GET /manager/images/tomcat.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
==> /usr/local/tomcat7-1/logs/localhost_access_log.2014-11-10.txt <==
10.1.10.1 - tomcat [10/Nov/2014:20:52:36 -0500] "GET /manager/html/list HTTP/1.1" 200 15865
==> /usr/local/tomcat7-2/logs/localhost_access_log.2014-11-10.txt <==
10.1.10.1 - tomcat [10/Nov/2014:20:52:45 -0500] "GET /manager/html/list HTTP/1.1" 200 15865
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:45 -0500] "GET /manager/images/asf-logo.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
10.1.10.1 - - [10/Nov/2014:20:52:45 -0500] "GET /manager/images/tomcat.gif HTTP/1.1" 304 -
Loadbalanced.
This is very rudimentary as it has no session awareness. That my friend, is a 5 minute session for another day.......
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